RAID levels and their associated data formats are standardized by the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) in the Common RAID Disk Drive Format (DDF) standard: Originally, there were five standard levels of RAID, but many variations have evolved, including several nested levels and many non-standard levels (mostly proprietary). Storage servers with 24 hard disk drives each and built-in hardware RAID controllers supporting various RAID levels For this configuration to provide a significant speed advantage, an appropriate controller is needed that uses the fast SSD for all read operations. For example, a fast SSD can be mirrored with a mechanical drive. RAID can also provide data security with solid-state drives (SSDs) without the expense of an all-SSD system. Most use simple XOR, but RAID 6 uses two separate parities based respectively on addition and multiplication in a particular Galois field or Reed–Solomon error correction. Many RAID levels employ an error protection scheme called " parity", a widely used method in information technology to provide fault tolerance in a given set of data. Industry manufacturers later redefined the RAID acronym to stand for "redundant array of independent disks". A similar approach was used in the early 1960s on the IBM 353.
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